Transformer preventive maintenance
Transformer preventive maintenance- an activity that rewards
The importance of power in our routine life and the hazards
of power failure would well explain the importance of transformer preventive
maintenance.
Transformer maintenance is considered as profit, since it not only cuts the
repair costs, but also adds to the efficiency and the produce.
Monitoring different aspects of the transformer in
appropriate intervals comprise transformer preventive maintenance, whose
benefits are abundant. Different aspects of transformer preventive maintenance is
conducted daily, monthly, quarterly, half yearly and annual basis.
Oil based
transformers
Transformer oil purification and transformer oil filtration
are included in transformer preventive maintenance steps and enhance
operations. When the transformer oil acts as an effectual coolant, it ensures
the apparatus to with stand stress that occurs due to heavy loading and short
circuit.
Oil being the popular insulating fluid is scrutinized for
presence bi products such as sludge and acid formation, so that the flow is not
interrupted. Such bi products result in breakdown, whose consequences are heavy
to bear. Transformer oil must be monitored twice a year for impurities, flash
point, DDA and resitivity.
The electric, chemical and physical attributes of oil are
probed to ensure transformer
maintenance. The dielectric dissipation attributes contribute to the
resistance of transformer in higher temperatures. Monitoring the transformer
oil in this regards, saves huge expenses.
The moisture content of the transformer oil is included in
its chemical characteristics. When cellulose paper insulation absorbs this
moisture, insulating properties receive a beating which results in damage of
the equipment.
When oxygen in the atmosphere comes in contact with the oil,
it results in acid formation which results in ageing and transformer failure.
In another probability, where tension occurs between water surface and oil, the
flash point and pour point are affected making the fluid inflammable and
affecting its viscosity.
The BDV or breakdown voltage throws light on the presence of
contaminants in the transformer, if any.
Checklist for oil
transformers
Checking oil levels in the main tank and conservator tank,
replacing silica gel when colour becomes pink and detecting leakage and sealing
them are three main steps which are a part of transformer preventive
maintenance. The oil level in silica gel breather is checked once monthly so
that proper breathing is ensured. Besides checking the working condition of
oil, training concerned staff is a part of transformer preventive maintenance.
Checklist for dry
type transformers
Transformer
preventive maintenance for dry type transformers are performed mostly after
the equipment is de-energized.
Visual inspection is an important part of transformer
preventive maintenance in dry transformers. The screens and coils are
scanned for dust and such dust is vacuumed out. The apparatus should be scanned
for dust presence once quarterly or half yearly.
While chemical cleaners are avoided, vacuum or compressed
air is used without direct contact with components. Rust and decolouration are
clues for damage in dry type transformers.
Conclusion
On a concluding note, routine activities such as regular
inspection, adjusting spare parts and following instructions religiously
contribute to transformer
maintenance. When such activities are properly executed, the equipment is
more efficient with mitigated expenses.
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